How to Communicate With the Deaf or Blind Effectively
When approaching a person who communicates differently than you do, remember that the person isn't stupid or slow---he just has different needs. The following points will make it easier to communicate with someone who is deaf or blind with fewer awkward moments---and without needing to have special equipment or training.
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Instructions
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Communicating With a Deaf or Blind Person
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If the person is deaf, touch her arm lightly to announce your presence if approaching from behind or from the side if she does not see you. Try to remain in front of her and face her when speaking. Speak at a normal pace to make it easier for her to read your lips as you talk. If possible, have a paper and pencil available for difficult words or for easier communication.
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If the person is blind, speak clearly before approaching him. If he has a guide dog with him, be sure the guide dog is aware of your presence. Speak to the person and use clear directions such as, "The door is on your left," or "The chair is behind you to your right." Do not say, "Your book is over there," and do not point---he will not see where you are pointing.
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There are many reasons why a person might be deaf or blind. It could be related to an illness, a physical or neurological disability, or an injury or accident. Don't make assumptions, but don't be afraid to ask polite questions. Sometimes, the person may have an aide or an interpreter to assist her. In this case, it is still OK to ask questions---just ask politely. Don't ignore the person. Smile and show an interest. Share information about yourself as well, and perhaps find hobbies or interests that you both might share.
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If the person is deaf, don't call out to say that you are leaving. Do not shout at someone who is deaf---that will not make him hear you any better. Tell him you are leaving while facing him so that he can read your lips. For a blind person, tell him that you are leaving. Don't simply leave without announcing it first.
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Tips & Warnings
Blind or deaf people sometimes communicate with devices called "assistive technology" (AT). AT devices can help blind or deaf people communicate with others through a variety of methods using digital technology, hand-held computers or simple keyboard devices. It is not necessary for you to learn how to use an AT device, but be aware that a blind or deaf person may use such a device to speak to you. If you have knowledge of American or universal sign language, you can try speaking with a deaf person using that method. This may give you the opportunity to learn more signs. However, not all deaf people know sign language. If you and the blind person know how to read Braille, which is a type of raised print alphabet that allows blind people to read with their fingertips, perhaps you can share reading materials and discuss them.
Do not attempt to pet or play with a guide dog. It is a working dog---not a pet.
