How to Reset the BIOS on a Laptop

A BIOS Chip

BIOS stands for Basic Input/Output System. The function of the BIOS is to identify, test and start basic system components like the hard drive, video card and keyboard. Most modern computers store their BIOS in a ROM chip on the motherboard. Resetting a BIOS may be very easy or very difficult. Depending on the manufacturer it may require disassembling your computer. If you're not comfortable doing this, take the computer to a professional who specializes in laptop repair.

Difficulty:

Moderately Challenging

Instructions

Things You'll Need

• Screwdriver

1. When you first turn your computer on, you are briefly presented with a BIOS "splash" screen. Somewhere on this screen (just where depends on the manufacturer), are instructions on how to access BIOS settings. Generally, this requires tapping a function key, say F2, while the splash screen is visible. Make note of which key the splash screen says to press to access the BIOS and restart your computer.

2. When the computer boots and the splash screen appears, tap the required function key quickly to enter the BIOS settings screen. You will only have a couple of seconds to hit the right key and if you miss it you'll have to restart the computer and try it again.

3. Once you successfully enter the BIOS settings screen, use the arrow and function keys to navigate the menus. Keep an eye out for an option that says something akin to "reset to factory defaults." If you see this, follow the on-screen instructions to reset the BIOS to the factory settings. Then, confirm your choice and exit the BIOS screen, usually by pressing escape. Congratulations, you are done.

4. If your BIOS does not have an option to return to factory settings, things are more difficult. Because the BIOS is stored in ROM, it must have a constant power supply to store any changes you make to it, otherwise it would reset every time you disconnected your laptop from AC power. Removing power to the BIOS resets it to factory settings and involves disconnecting a small battery attached to the motherboard. On many laptops, the BIOS battery is easily accessible through a door on the bottom of the unit. Unplug the computer, remove the main battery and touch something metal to ground yourself.

5. Remove any screws holding the BIOS battery door in place. Then identify the battery, (it is generally a small lithium "watch" battery), and remove it taking care not to damage any surrounding circuitry. Let the computer rest for a minute or two to discharge any remaining power, and replace the battery.

6. If your laptop does not have an easily accessible door for the BIOS battery, you may have to dive deeper and disassemble the computer to find it. Consult your laptop manufacturer's website for information on replacing or removing the BIOS battery from your model.

Tips & Warnings

• Disassembling your laptop may void its warranty.