How to Identify Nutrition Deficiencies in Plants by Leaf Problems

Just as some nutrition deficiencies in humans can be identified through a person's appearance, so too can nutrition deficiencies in plants be identified by abnormalities in the leaves, stems or flowers. While many of these signs may also be similar to signs of insects, fungus or other problems, smart gardeners look at their plant's leaves and stems to spot signs that their soil needs amendments. Here's how to spot common nutrient deficiencies in plants.

Difficulty: Moderately Challenging

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• Garden plants (flowers or vegetables)
• Compost
• Bone meal
• Greensand

1. Examine the leaves and stems of plants. Note differences among plants. Some signs to watch for are discolored leaves, twisted leaves or stems, or weird growths.

2. Identify the problem. Light green leaves may indicate a nitrogen deficiency. Purple color on leaves or stems may indicate a phosphorous deficiency. Yellow, red, orange or purple splotches on mature leaves points towards a magnesium deficiency.

3. If you're in doubt, take a leaf sample to a local garden center or the state cooperative extension agency to have an expert identify the problem.

4. Most nutrient deficiencies can be corrected using simple organic methods. Add compost or well-rotted manure to the soil, turning it in during fall. Add more in spring prior to planting. Manure and compost are the safest ways to add nutrients, especially vital nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium to the soil. Bone meal and greensand work well to add phosphorous too.

Tips & Warnings

• Manure and compost are the safest ways to add nutrients to the soil.
• Good soil leads to good flowers and vegetables.
• When in doubt, take a leaf sample to an expert.