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Step 1
Locate the comma in question and read the parts of the sentence it connects. Evaluate the two clauses to determine if they are independent or dependent clauses. Independent clauses contain a subject and verb and are able to stand by themselves. Dependent clauses depend on the prior clause and are not able to stand alone.
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Step 2
Change the comma to a semicolon when you are connecting two independent clauses. Example: "Mary went to bed early, she was tired from her long trip." Change this sentence to: "Mary went to bed early; she was tired from her long trip."
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Step 3
Create two complete sentences. The above example should now read: "Mary went to bed early. She was tired from her long trip."
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Step 4
Replace the comma with a subordinate conjunction. The example would now read: "Mary went to bed early because she was tired after her long trip."
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Step 5
Replace the comma with a coordinating conjunction. The example would now read: "Mary went to bed early, for she was tired after her long trip"
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Step 6
Use transitional words. Example: "Mary was tired from the long trip; consequently, she went to bed early. " Joining sentences with a transitional word requires a semicolon before the transitional word and a comma after it.
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Step 7
Correct comma splices so that they flow with your piece of writing. Simply changing comma splices to two complete sentences if often the easiest way to go; however, avoid using short, choppy sentences in your writing. It is usually best to alternate short, succinct sentences with more complex sentences. Adding too many conjunctions may make your writing more difficult to follow. Selecting a balance provides your reader with interesting reading.
