Mace and other defense sprays are effective and convenient non-lethal weapons for self-defense. The terms “mace” and “pepper spray” are often used interchangeably, but traditional mace is a tear gas and illegal in most Western countries. Pepper spray utilizes a chemical (capsaicin) derived from the cayenne pepper plant. It causes extreme irritation to the eyes in the form of pain, tears and even temporary blindness. It also affects the mucous membranes of the throat, causing choking and coughing. It is effective in an urban setting against human attackers and dogs as well as on the hiking trail against bears and cougars. Because Mace is actually a registered trademark, and because what is commonly sold today is not mace but pepper spray, the remainder of this article will use the term “pepper spray.”
Have the pepper spray in hand when going into a dark, isolated or otherwise worrisome area.
2
Keep a distance between you and the threat, if at all possible.
3
Aim the spray at the attacker's eyes and shoot for 2 to 3 seconds, not too short and not too long.
4
Move quickly away while watching the reaction of your attacker. Most likely he will become quickly disabled—coughing, sputtering, in pain and blinded. If not, release another burst of spray.
5
Get away as quickly as possible and call the police.
Tips & Warnings
Check to see if pepper spray is legal in your state. There are a few states where it is currently illegal.
Practice at least once with your pepper spray in a safe place and away from anyone else so you are familiar with the way it works and feels in your hand when discharged.
Keep your pepper spray in an easily accessible place, such as on a keychain or belt holster. It won't do you any good if it's buried in the bottom of your purse, or, if you're in bear country, the bottom of your backpack. If you are in a highly threatening area, keep it in your hand with your finger on the trigger.
Don't shut your eyes when spraying. You have to see where you've aimed and if you've hit your mark.
Think twice before using pepper spray in windy conditions. Not only might the spray miss your assailant, it may blow back on you.
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