-
Step 1
Recognize the symptoms of ADEM, whether in yourself, someone else or your child. Some symptoms are fever, fatigue, headache, nausea and vomiting. The person may also experience seizures or even a coma (in serious cases). The person may also have a hard time using his muscles to coordinate movement or be weak in an arm or leg or even one side of his body. For your child, look for changes in behavior and irritability.
-
Step 2
Make an appointment with your doctor (or child's doctor) immediately. She will perform a physical exam as well as go over the symptoms. The doctor should refer you right away to a neurologist.
-
Step 3
The neurologist will conduct tests, including an MRI of the brain and spinal cord. The purpose of the MRI is to find any lesions or damaged areas. The MRI can also help to rule out other conditions, like multiple sclerosis. The MRI will take a clear image of the brain and spinal cord. Recent lesions usually are more indicative of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and not MS (multiple sclerosis).
-
Step 4
Another test may include a spinal tap or lumbar puncture. This is to check for anything abnormal in relation to the CSF (cerebrospinal fluid). CSF acts as a protective cushion for the brain and spinal cord. In acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, the cerebrospinal fluid will most likely show very high white blood cells and protein levels.
-
Step 5
Combined with the physical exam, list of symptoms and the tests, the doctor will make a final diagnosis.
