Things You'll Need:
- Water
- Communication device
- Knife
- Water purification tablets
- Whistle
- Matches and candles
- Waterproof carrier
- Hiking boots or shoes
- Water filter
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Step 1
Double-check your gear before departing to make sure you have everything you need, including enough water and a fully operative communication device. Ideally, you should use a satellite phone, since they're guaranteed to get service, no matter where you are.
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Step 2
Test your compass and other equipment, like your phone and GPS system, to make sure they're working properly before setting off.
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Step 3
Research the area you're going to be hiking in to find out where the nearest medical facility is located. If you're going to be hiking in a park or conservation area, the park ranger or conservation authority will be able to give you this information. In such a case, it's a good idea to call ahead and ask.
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Step 4
Pack a survival kit containing a knife, water purification tablets, whistle, matches and candles. Keep these safely contained in a waterproof carrier.
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Step 5
Learn the specifics about the hiking route you're planning to follow. Be sure to gather information regarding the length of the route, features of the terrain and the types of wildlife that are known to be in the area.
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Step 6
Hold a safety meeting with members of your hiking group prior to departure. Form a plan and a protocol for taking action in the event someone becomes lost, ill or injured.
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Step 7
Leave a list of the names of the people in your hiking group with someone who will not be coming on the hike. Include full home contact information on the list, so the person you leave it with will be able to contact others in case of an emergency.
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Step 8
Learn basic first aid and survival skills, such as how to make temporary shelter and how to find food and water in the wilderness.
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Step 9
Wear boots or shoes made specifically for hiking. You will likely encounter bumpy, uneven terrain and natural obstacles on your trail, and proper footwear will help prevent foot injuries. HikingAndBackpacking.com can help you find information on a wide range of hiking footwear, outerwear and accessories (see Resources below).
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Step 10
Dress appropriately for the weather you will face on your hike. Wear layers to protect against cold weather, and peel them off once the weather gets warmer.
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Step 11
Bring plenty of water, and pack a water filter. Never drink directly from brooks or streams you encounter, as the water may be contaminated by dangerous bacteria that make it unsafe for human consumption.
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Step 12
Stay aware of your surroundings at all times. Keep your eyes peeled ahead of you for potential hazards posed by uneven terrain or poor trail maintenance so you can plan how to navigate them safely.
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Step 13
Position the slowest hiker at the front of your party while hiking. While it might slow down your pace a bit, this strategy hedges against the possibility of a member of the party being left behind on the trail.
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Step 14
Rest. Take short breaks at frequent intervals, and make sure to stay properly hydrated when talking long hikes.
