Difficulty: Moderately Challenging
Step1
If you don't understand the full scope of your animal's medical problems, ask the vet to explain in detail what he/she is thinking and what his/her plans are. Ask it twice (respectfully and politely), to see if you get the same answer. If you get different answers, go to another vet. If you get the same answer, go to next step.
Step2
With each test or diagnostic plan, ask why it is in place. Try to divert the conversation to one where the medical terms are related in non-scientific English. If vet can't relate same info in "common" language, the pracitioner may have knowledge, but not wisdom. But...it may be enough knowledge to solve the problem.
Step3
Read on the health problem and plan on your own. Consult veterinary journals rather than magazines and never confuse testimonials with proven scientific fact. Ask for research papers on the topic, and if the graphs don't have standard error bars on them...don't trust the data. Ask how many other such cases have come into the animal doc's clinic each year. This helps you, and helps them. Veterinary theory is constantly being refined by practice in the real world.
Step4
Keep in mind that a vet is allowed to say "I don't know" to questions asked. Animal docs aren't gods, nor should you expect them to be. If a veterinarian is honestly trying to help your animal, if you give him/her a chance to do so, you can form an effective team for the task at hand.