How to Conjugate Verbs in the Subjunctive in Latin Using the First Conjugation in the Active Voice

The Subjunctive mood in Latin is used to express wishes or hopes. Learning to conjugate verbs in the subjunctive case will enable you to express a wish or possibility in the Latin language. There are only four tenses in the subjunctive mood which include present, imperfect, perfect, and pluperfect.

Difficulty: Moderately Challenging

Instructions

1. To form the present subjunctive use the infinitive as the starting point and take off the ending.
   
   Example: portare = to carry, the stem will be porta-
   
   Since we are conjugating in the subjunctive the endings will be:
   
   portem (1st person singular)
   portes (2nd person singular)
   portet (3rd person singular)
   portemus (1st person plural)
   portetis (2nd person plural)
   portent (3rd person plural)

2. To form the imperfect subjunctive use the infinitive as the starting point and just add the endings onto the stem.
   
   Example: portare = to carry
   
   portarem (1st person singular)
   portares (2nd person singular)
   portaret (3rd person singular)
   portaremus (1st person plural)
   portaretis (2nd person plural)
   portarent (3rd person plural)

3. To form the perfect subjunctive, use the perfect stem portav- and add the necessary endings.
   
   portaverim (1st person singular)
   portaveris (2nd person singular)
   portaverit (3rd person singular)
   portaremus (1st person plural)
   portaretis (2nd person plural)
   portarent (3rd person plural)

4. To form the pluperfect subjunctive, use the perfect stem portav-, and add the necessary endings.
   
   portavissem (1st person singular)
   portavisses (2nd person singular)
   portavisset (3rd person singular)
   portavissemus (1st person plural)
   portavissetis (2nd person plural)
   portavissent (3rd person plural)