How to Identify Galloway Cattle

Originating from Scotland, Galloway cattle adapted to the damp harsh climate and developed characteristics that identify the breed today. The Galloway developed the ability to thrive on limited grasses and graze the roughest of forage. These cattle distinguish themselves with their superior calving and mothering ability, and originally were used for dairy and beef, The breed exemplifies hardiness, manageability and longevity. Galloway cattle are relatively easy to recognize as described below.

Difficulty: Moderately Easy

Instructions

1. Determine the height and size of the cattle. Adult Galloway cattle reach heights between 4.5 feet for males and 4 feet for females. The average Galloway males weight around 1,790 lbs. and the females around 1,250 lbs.

2. Observe the body and shape of the Galloway breed. The stocky body of the Galloway exhibits a straight top line; stocky, well-boned legs; a medium neck and rounded look. Although the Galloway originated as both a dairy and beef breed, today the breed's body type demonstrates beef characteristics.

3. Examine the thick shaggy coat of the Galloway cattle. Notice the shaggy coat has two layers. The long course outer layer provides protection from rain and wind. The undercoat maintains the cattle's warmth with the soft thick dense fur. The desired soft wavy coat is not bristly. The weatherproof coat provides protection against the harsh elements and eliminates the need for additional fat.

4. Notice the color of the Galloway cattle. The most common color for the Galloway's shaggy coat is brownish black, but spans shades of dun, red, belted and white with black points. The belted has a white belt around the middle of the cattle. The white has very distinct black points around the eyes, ears and nose.

5. Look at the distinct head with the broad face, large eyes and square nose. Since the Galloway exhibits no horns, it's called a "polled" breed. The broad ears display furry, long hairs which protect against the elements.