How to Use Geographic Information Systems

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) have transformed the way data is analyzed and processed. Using a combination of software and hardware, a Geographic Information System takes sets of different variables, combines the information and presents a visual picture. Learn to use a Geographic Information System to showcase features and draw conclusions.

Difficulty: Challenging

Instructions

1. Understand that Geographic Information Systems are used in a wide range of professions. From agriculturalists to retailers to the government, the benefits of a Geographic Information System are not limited to jobs solely based on geography.

2. Know that there are three ways data is showcased using Geographic Information Systems. Data can be shown in database form that conveys a collection of written features for specific attributes. Data can be transformed into a visual picture using a map. The map shows features as they relate to one another. A model is the culmination of database and map information. Using the layering attribute of GIS, a visual is created highlighting the relationship of several attributes. A model--by altering data--also projects the future of certain combinations of attributes.

3. Consider the reasons certain professions use a Geographic Information System. An agriculturalist, for example, wants to know what kinds of crops would grow the best in certain areas and under specific conditions. He would gather data consisting of types of specific crops, where these crops are grown and environmental factors such as precipitation. The next step is to map each variable and then create a model layering each map on top of the other using GIS to create a visual picture.

Tips & Warnings

• Take college courses specifically geared towards geography and Geographic Information Systems to learn the technical ways of collecting, analyzing and displaying information using GIS.