How to Grade Pearls

Grading pearls can be a tedious task as many dealers impose their own grading system on them. Typically there are two recognized grading charts: the AAA-A and the A-D systems. Simply put, the higher the quality, the higher the grade. The layers, or nacre, that form during the pearl's development also contribute to the piece's value. Here are some tips on how to grade pearls.

Instructions

Difficulty: Challenging

1. Look at the luster of the pearl. A deep, rich luster is a highly valued attribute. A soft iridescence that exhibits a beautiful light refraction in the layers of nacre is most desirable. The pearl's shine is what most dealers grade a pearl on.
2. Distinguish natural pearls and cultured pearls from fakes and synthetic pearls. Gently rub the pearl across the teeth. A natural or cultured pearl exhibits a gritty, rough texture, whereas a fake or synthetic pearl is smooth.
3. Compare the luster and shine of the pearls. When looking the pearl over, it should exhibit a deep, almost 3-D quality in its reflection.
4. Find any imperfections or defects. Some pearls have slight imperfections in the nacre, like pitting or inclusions.
5. Inspect the color of the pearl. Pearls can be graded by color as well. This is determined by the level and contrast of gray exhibited. Rose-tinted pearls are the most highly sought after variety for their rarity.

Tips & Warnings

• Defects or imperfections in a pearl's nacre can be turned away from view in a mounted setting to produce a beautiful, less expensive "imperfect" piece.
• Shop the Internet for good-quality pearls. Often the Internet dealer has very low overhead and can offer good deals on quality pieces. Ensure the dealer is reputable.
• Always ask to see all paperwork and important documentation for rare pearls.
• Check out Internet dealers closely and determine the reputation of the website. Check customer forums and read the website's feedback before buying online.