How to Use an Overhead Crane
Overhead cranes are powerful machines that lift enormous weight and make moving heavy objects easier. They also can be an accident waiting to happen if the operators don't know how to use an overhead crane safely and properly. Following these guidelines can help avert costly accidents and injuries.
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Things You'll Need
- Training in safe operating procedures and OSHA regulations
- Knowledge of crane warning signals
- Proper work clothing and work boots
- Hard hat and safety glasses
Instructions
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1
Know the crane's load capacity. Any loads that are greater than the rated load capacity of the crane shouldn't be moved. Test the hoist brakes, and if they fail to hold, slowly lower the load, report the situation immediately and do not operate the crane until repairs have been made.
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2
Inspect equipment daily and don't operate a crane if workings are worn or in disrepair. Examine pneumatic and hydraulic parts for leaks. Move the crane in all directions to check for smooth movement. Listen for unfamiliar sounds and replace worn parts immediately.
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3
Remove any loose materials or parts prior to lifting a load. The sling and hoisting ropes should be free of slack and the lifting device should be sitting in the hook's saddle.
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4
Become familiar with the location of each of the crane's controls, especially how to stop it in an emergency. Often that can be done by activating a disconnect switch, which should be within reach and in working order. Controls should be clearly marked as to their function.
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5
Prepare for an emergency. Operators and site workers should know what to do in case of electrical, mechanical or power failures. Procedures should be implemented for retrieving an operator from a cab in an emergency situation. All cabs must carry fire extinguishers.
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6
Identify the location and voltage of overhead power lines and de-energize the lines and erect insulated barriers before work starts. Exercise caution when moving on uneven ground since the crane may bob or weave into the power line. Establish a safe travel route under power lines and operate at a slower speed. If an operator has trouble seeing power lines or clearance while moving the crane, a signal person should be on guard.
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7
Switch all controls to the "Off" position prior to exiting the crane. Also remove the load hanging on the crane's hooks, hoist all hooks to a mid position and spot your crane at a specified site.
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Tips & Warnings
Only trained operators should use overhead cranes.
Comply with OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) safety guidelines for operating overhead cranes.
Workers should not be around the machinery when in close proximity to power lines.
Attend overhead crane safety programs.
Always stay clear of moving equipment.
Avoid carrying anything when on the ladder, never lift a load from the side, don't allow someone to ride on the load or hooks and never raise loads higher than required for clearance.
