How to Dig a Trench

Digging a trench is a challenging task and can pose numerous safety hazards. The size of the trench will be based on the project and can vary from a simple drainage hole to a deep commercial trench for pipes. Follow these steps to do it right.

Difficulty:

Challenging

Instructions

Things You'll Need

• Manual or power tools
• Safety equipment

1. Take samples of soil from different points in the target area and have them examined at a lab for soil density, soil type and water content. Check to ensure that no water or sewerage pipes run through the area.

2. Begin digging the trench. Use manual tools or electronic equipment based on your budget and the size of the trench. Power driven backhoes are fast and reliable and the operator can stand outside the trench. A trenching machine also produces quick results in less time than manual digging.

3. Insert supports so the trench walls do not collapse during the digging. Use timber to hold the walls. You also can use a trench box, a combination of two metal plates that hold the top and bottom floors. Another option is a specially manufactured trench wall.

4. Move the soil away from the trench opening so it does not fall into the hole. Slope the sides at an angle to minimize soil pressure from above. Use concrete walls so the trench can hold its position for a few seasons. When the trench reaches the desired size, dig an exit point.

5. Take appropriate steps to secure the completed trench. Block off the area and post signs to ensure that nobody falls into the trench. Also keep construction material away from the trench.

Tips & Warnings

• Always use an expert to oversee a trench digging project.

• Digging by hand will save money, but it takes time and will be less precise than power tools and machines.

• Check the weather before starting the project.

• Don't forget to wear safety gear.

• Don't forget to check the finished trench for water seepage.