How to Identify North American Finches

Finches in North America are classified in three main groups: Goldfinches, Red Finches and Winter Finches. Their song varies, from a harsh rising rattling sound to thin clear notes. Finches are small birds, from 4 to 6 inches in length, with strong stubby beaks. Red Finches include the House Finch, which is probably the most familiar bird for city dwellers. Most feed on seeds and other plant matter. Here's how to spot one.

Difficulty: Moderate

Instructions

Things You'll Need:

• Binoculars
• Birding Field Guide

1. Notice the bird's color. Male Goldfinches are bright yellow, but the females are much duller. Winter Finches can be brown or brick red. The female House Finch has a pale brown face with paler underparts, and the male has a red eyebrow and forehead.

2. Notice birds that come to bird feeders in the cities. The House Finch, the Purple Finch, the Pine Siskin and the Redpoll are frequent visitors.

3. Observe where the birds live. Winter Finches live in the north, usually around forest edges. House Finches inhabit backyards in cities and open woods. Goldfinches live in woodlands and suburbs.

4. Look out for the Pine Grosbeak, which is larger than most finches and usually inhabits conifer forests.

5. Listen for the song. House Finches have a warbling call. The song of the Goldfinch is usually clear and thin.

6. Note that some birds may have escaped from cages. Prized as a pet, the European Finch has a red face that is bordered with white and black wings with yellow bands.