How to Learn About the Bladder Cancer Diagnosis Process

Bladder cancer occurs when tumors grow on the lining of the bladder and the surrounding tissue. Common symptoms include blood in the urine and difficulty urinating. If you suspect you have bladder cancer, learn about the bladder cancer diagnosis process before and after you visit your doctor.

Instructions

Difficulty: Moderate

1. Start by visiting major cancer-related Web sites such as those belonging to the National Cancer Institute and the American Cancer Society (see "Resources" below). These sites can give you an overview of bladder cancer diagnosis methods in layman's language.
2. Take bladder cancer screening test if you are at high risk for bladder cancer. People at high risk include smokers, those over 65 and those who work with certain chemicals used in dyes. White males get bladder cancer more often than women and African-American men.
3. Learn the major symptoms of bladder cancer, which are blood in the urine and noticeable changes in urination habits. These symptoms by themselves do not constitute a diagnosis of bladder cancer, but they do indicate that you should see a doctor immediately.
4. Understand that imaging tests may be used to diagnose bladder cancer. You may already be familiar with some types of imaging tests such as X-rays, ultrasounds and MRIs.
5. Learn about cytoscopy. This procedure allows your doctor to look at your bladder with a lens and a light while you are anesthetized. Your doctor may also order a biopsy, in which cells are taken from the bladder for analysis.
6. Get a physical exam. If you have symptoms of bladder cancer, your doctor may physically check for the presence of a tumor. He may also order tests, such as a urine culture, to determine if your symptoms are caused by an infection rather than a tumor.
7. Ask your doctor about follow-up visits, whether you are diagnosed with bladder cancer or not. People with frequent urinary tract infections may be at greater risk for contracting bladder cancer. Your doctor may advise that you return for further tests within a certain period of time.
8. Make lifestyle changes. Quit smoking if you smoke. Drink plenty of fluids and eat plenty of fruit and vegetables. Whether you are diagnosed with bladder cancer or not, these changes can make you healthier and reduce your risk of contracting many types of diseases.

Tips & Warnings

• Feel free to ask your doctor questions about any test used in making a diagnosis. Although you can gather information online, you may feel more comfortable if you discuss the procedures with your doctor in person.
• Take a notebook with you to the doctor's office to make notes, to write down lifestyle recommendations and to note any questions you may want addressed. During your appointment you may feel vulnerable and overwhelmed, making it difficult to remember all over the important information you are being told.
• If you don't feel that you can call your doctor with your questions, ask your provider to refer you to another physician. It's your right to be in charge of what's happening to your body.
• Facing bladder cancer can be frightening. If you experience signs of depression after a diagnosis, ask your doctor about treatments (such as counseling, support groups or medications) that can help make the process of dealing with cancer easier.