How to Plan a Whale-Watching Trip

Few animals are more exciting to see for the first time than whales. Their massive size and usually gentle nature make for an unforgettable experience. Look for tours led by marine biologists for an informative as well as exciting trip.

Difficulty: Easy

Instructions

1. Go where the whales are. Some of the best spots are Baja California, Mexico; Cape Cod, Massachusetts; the Northern California coast; Vancouver Island, British Columbia; the Lofoten Islands, Norway; South Africa; and Shikoku, Japan.

2. Check whale migration seasons. On the California coast, for example, gray whales migrate south during the late fall and winter and return north in the spring. Winter offers the best viewing due to the lack of fog. On the east coast, the best viewing is in summer and fall. Some areas are home to whales year-round. Surf online to find the species and location that floats your boat.

3. Research the type of whale you're likely to see. Many species have a distinctive spout pattern and a unique dorsal fin shape. Check to see if any are likely to be traveling with calves. Look for tours that include a whale expert as part of the crew.

4. Check out tour companies. You can get information from any major hotel or tourist agency in a whale-watching area. Expect to pay $30 to $75 per person, depending on amenities and length of trip. Find out where the tour will go and what conditions to expect. It may be sunny and calm in the bay or harbor, but it could be foggy, cold and rough out on the open ocean.

5. Ask about safety: Is the boat equipped with modern navigation and safety gear? Are life jackets available for every passenger? If you're concerned, contact the local Coast Guard station and ask about the company's safety record.

6. Ask about guarantee sightings. Companies can't promise you'll see a whale, but may refund your money if you don't.

7. Bring a camera, binoculars, sunblock, warm clothes and a waterproof layer against rain or spray.

8. Consider whale-watching from land. There are several locations around the country where whales can be seen from prominent points above the ocean. In fact, 94 percent of the world's gray whales swim within a mile of San Francisco's Point Reyes. The cliffs of Hermanus in South Africa are also well known for whale sightings. Keep in mind that rough seas, fog and wind can severely restrict your ability to see whales at a distance.

Tips & Warnings

• Bring two types of photographic film: ASA100 for bright sun and ASA400 for overcast conditions.
• Consult your doctor regarding the many types of antiseasickness treatments. Pharmacies usually carry over-the-counter medications like Dramamine, which can cause drowsiness. Some medications must be taken the night before. Another option is wrist bands.
• Remember that you may encounter the menace of Mother Nature as well as her majesty. One whale-watching group was caught in the middle of an epic battle between a pod of killer whales and gray whales with their calves. The orcas formed a unified front to attack the calves, drove them away from their distraught mothers, then ate them.