Difficulty: Moderately challenging
Step1
Start early. The more time you give yourself to think and write carefully about your research, the better chance you'll have at getting money.
Step2
Look at the length designated by the specific fellowship application. Bear this length in mind as you write.
Step3
Make an outline. This will help you stick to what's important.
Step4
Begin with an attention-getting sentence. The bleary-eyed committee members have zillions of essays to read, so make sure yours sticks out.
Step5
Summarize your research, following your outline. Stay as brief and to the point as possible; long, drawn-out sentences will bore your readers.
Step6
Cite sources, showing the breadth and depth of your knowledge of the literature.
Step7
Give your draft to at least three people, including your advisor, if possible. Ask them to be as specific as possible in their comments and criticisms.
Step8
Write a second draft, with revisions based on the suggestions you've received.
Step9
Give this draft to three people who didn't see your first draft. Try consulting other graduate students who have received fellowships. They'll be a great source of advice for you.
Step10
Revise again based on these new comments.