How to Navigate Using Waypoints

Waypoints are steps along a journey.

Whether you're using the latest GPS navigation system or just a map and compass, waypoints are an effective conceptual tool to help you to get from here to there. In essence, a waypoint is simply a point along a path. Your trip might have as few as two such points -- the beginning and the end -- or dozens. Sailors navigating dangerous waters might employ waypoints to get their boats to shore without crashing into hidden rocks. On the other hand, your wilderness expedition might require hiking from one waypoint to the next until you reach your final destination. As long as people have navigated, waypoints have been part of the journey.

Instructions

1. Plan your route from start to finish, including all waypoints in between. If you're using a paper map, mark each waypoint and calculate approximate travel time. Choose safe locations that might serve as good resting areas for your waypoints. Also consider points of interest like waterfalls and supply sites like grocery stores and watering stations.

2. Determine the direction you must take in order to reach the first waypoint safely. When you've reached the first waypoint, reorient yourself with your map.

3. Head for the next waypoint in line. Continue moving from one waypoint to the next until you've reached your destination. It's acceptable to skip a waypoint if you can see that the pathway is blocked or a shortcut presents itself.

4. Retrace your steps if you become disoriented. Your waypoints can function as your escape route should escape become necessary.

Tips & Warnings

• Map and compass navigation have been standard procedure for centuries. However, you should enroll in an orienteering and wilderness survival class before exploring the wilderness yourself. Team up with an experienced guide as you learn the ropes.

• Landmarks make for excellent waypoints. Whether you're in the wilderness or an urban jungle, certain structures or locales will stand out in your field of vision. Take note of these memorable sights and use them as navigational aids.

• A GPS device is in many ways just a digital version of a paper map. You can mark and save waypoints for later recall. A built-in directional guide can point you to your next waypoint after you've established a route.

• In spite of their advanced, satellite-guided technology, you shouldn't put too much faith in GPS. Atmospheric conditions, topography and device errors can all impact the accuracy of even the best GPS device. Your GPS device is a tool, but it should never replace your own senses and knowledge of the area.

• Don't travel through the wilderness alone. Additionally, be sure other people know where you're going and when you're expected to return.

• Take additional batteries for your GPS device as well as a means of communication. Unexpected weather or a medical emergency may necessitate making contact with forest rangers or rescue personnel.

References

• Garmin eTrex: Quick Reference Guide
• Wiley Nautical: How to Navigate Using GPS and Waypoints
• Vermont Center for Geographical Information: Marking a Waypoint, Editing It, and Navigating to It.
• REI: Navigation Basics: Map and Compass

Resources

• Read this Article in Spanish
• Read this Article in Portuguese