How to Optimize Your GPS Signal Reception

A clear line of sight is essential for good GPS reception.

Whether you’re hiking through the wilderness or just exploring a new urban landscape, global positioning systems are an essential tool that you probably take for granted -- until you lose signal, that is. The United States Air Force owns and operates the sophisticated satellite network and ground-based controllers that make GPS possible. As it is a government utility, all U.S. taxpayers contribute to the upkeep of the GPS satellite infrastructure. GPS devices are increasingly prevalent; even smartphones typically include an onboard GPS receiver with software to make it work. For in-car navigation, many consumers choose a dash-mounted or built-in device that continually updates with the latest maps and points of interest. But no matter how sophisticated the technology, the possibility of weak signal can always be a problem.

Instructions

1. Allow several minutes for a brand-new GPS device to acquire satellite information. A parking lot or other open area is the best environment for your device to connect with orbiting satellites. If your device has not been used in several months, it may need extra time to acquire a signal. Regular use of your GPS device usually translates to faster signal acquisition because the device remembers which satellites to look for and where.

2. Take your GPS receiver outside and ensure you have an unobstructed view of the sky. Tall trees and buildings may disrupt the satellite signals. Protective material applied to some car windshields can also interfere with GPS reception.

3. Check that your device has a fully charged battery and is otherwise functioning as expected. A weak battery or system error may cause problems with your reception.

4. Investigate one of the many after-market GPS signal booster devices. Read reviews, testimonials and technical specifications before committing yourself to a purchase. Be prepared to return the device should it not perform as expected.

Tips & Warnings

• According to the Department of Defense, the standard margin of error for civilian GPS systems is about 7.8 meters. In other words, 95 percent of the time your GPS will be inaccurate by 7.8 meters or less. However, a whole host of variables exist that can decrease accuracy. If your device consistently returns grossly inaccurate coordinates and directions despite your best efforts to improve signal quality, contact the manufacturer.

• Even with adequate signal strength, there will always be some margin of error with GPS devices. Atmospheric conditions, adverse weather and geographical factors can all impact the accuracy of global positioning systems. When the acquired satellites are relatively close to each other in orbit, positional accuracy also suffers, although this factor is beyond human control.

• Don’t rely on GPS to replace a compass and map. If you’re trekking into the backcountry, you still need to have a solid foundation in map reading and navigation with a compass. Take extra batteries with you to ensure that your GPS is functional for the entire expedition. Let others know where you're going and when they should expect you back.

References

• GPS.gov: The Global Positioning System
• Virginia Cooperative Extension; Precision Farming Tools: Global Positioning System
• GPS.gov: Frequently Asked Questions
• Kowoma.de: Sources of Errors in GPS
• REI.com: How to Use Your New GPS Receiver
• Garmin Support: Why Won't My Garmin Device Acquire Satellites?
• GPS.gov: Global Positioning System Standard Positioning Service Performance Standard

Resources

• Read this Article in Spanish