How to Index a Turret & CNC
Modern metal and woodworking lathes come with special tool holders called turrets that can hold different types of tool bits. The assortment of tool bits allows the lathe to make different types of cuts without a lathe operator stopping the machine and changing the bit. This process of switching tips is called indexing. To limit the need for human interaction with the lathe and turrets, many machine workers purchase lathes with a computerized numerical control, or CNC. The CNC and turrets are manufactured together and are designed with ease of use in mind. Most CNCs come pre-programmed which allows a machinist to index by pressing the appropriate button on the CNC’s touch screen display panel. Only a handful of manufacturers build CNC lathes and the operating process is very similar among the brands.
- Difficulty:
- Moderately Challenging
Instructions
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Turn the power to your lathe and CNC off. Install the tool bits into the taper head located on the CNC angle head. Loosen the taper head by rotating it to the left two 360-degree rotations or until the collets inside the taper head are loose enough to accept the tool bit. Some bits will require the use of a spindle tap holder. Refer to the tool bits' specific instructions for exact sizing. Press in the position locking pin to secure the bit into place. Repeat this step until all needed bits are installed. Different lathes will allow different amounts of bit positions.
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Load the lathe with the piece of metal or wood that is going to be worked. Turn on the power to the lathe and CNC. Use caution when the lathe is powered on. Do not attempt to move or dislodge the metal or wood from the machine while it is running. You risk serious injury to yourself by doing so.
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Program the indexing pattern in which your lathe will run. Locate the CNC display panel. There will be a row of possible selections for each bit that is installed on the CNC. Press the button that corresponds to the first bit you will use. Press the button that displays the correct angle in which the bit should be used. On most CNCs this will vary from 45 degrees to 130 degrees. There will also be a “Home” selection. The “Home” button returns the bit to its non-functioning position. Go through this process for each installed bit.
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Press the start button to begin the drilling process. Watch the process as it works. When it is time to switch bits, rotate the slide arm or post until the current bit rotates around and the next bit is engaged into place. On most machines the slide arm is located near the CNC angle head. Repeat this as needed until all of the necessary drill processes have been indexed. Finish the lathing process as usual.
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References
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