How to Input Probability in the Function Bar

Spreadsheet software can help you calculate probability.

Using spreadsheet software, such as Microsoft Excel, can be an effective way to display complicated numerical data in an easily understandable visual format. To fill in the cells in Excel and other similar programs, you enter calculations into the function bar. In addition to providing definite statistical answers, such as products and sums, the function bar supports calculations such as probability.

Things You'll Need

• Spreadsheet software

Instructions

1. Open a new spreadsheet; you can accomplish this in most programs by clicking on "File" and then selecting "New Spreadsheet." To make sure that your data is correct, you need to create a new spreadsheet that doesn't have any existing data on it. If you're using a spreadsheet that already contained data that you deleted, you may have missed some and this could throw off your calculations.

2. Decide on the type of statistical probability analysis that you want to perform. Typically, spreadsheet programs have the options for a wide range of probability functions, including binomial distribution probability, F probability distribution, chi-squared distribution and T- and Z- tests. The available functions may vary by software program.

3. Enter the data that you wish to use in your probability calculations into cells. Unless you have contrary layout plans, inputting data into a group of cells that are close together can help you see the data clearly and keep of track of the numbers in your calculations. If you have large numbers, you may wish to expand the size of your cells. To do so, click on the lines dividing the rows or columns you wish to expand and drag them to the desired size.

4. Find the probability function of your choice in the software menu. Typically, a software program will have a menu called Functions, although if your desired statistic isn't commonly used, it may be under a More Functions or Other Functions menu.

5. Follow the directions in the pop-up window from your selected function. Typically, these windows will show you what function you need to type into the function bar and where to place the variables. You can enter your data into the pop-up window or copy the function and type it directly into the function bar. After your answer is calculated, you may wish to double check the answer with a calculator to ensure you've typed in the formula correctly to guide future data entry.

Tips & Warnings

• If you consistently have trouble with calculations, consult the software's Help menu.

References

• Microsoft Office: Excel functions (by category)
• University of Utah Department of Mechanical Engineering: Spreadsheet Basic
• Colin Cameron: Excel 2007: TDist, TInv, Normsdist and Normsinv