How to Troubleshoot Hydronic Circulators
A hydronic circulator pump is used in closed-loop hot-water heating systems to move hot water to pipes under the floor or along walls to provide heat in a dwelling. To a lesser extent, the pumps are also used to move hot water through pipes in on-demand hot-water systems, which rapidly heat water whenever a hot water tap is turned on. These pumps are generally sealed to prevent leaks and to maintain water pressure. If you experience a significant loss of heat, and the thermostat and hot water boiler are working, the culprit may be the hydronic circulator. Does this Spark an idea?
Instructions
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1
Check the hydronic circulator's electrical connection. If it is plugged in solidly, unplug it and test the outlet by plugging in a portable radio or small lamp to make sure the outlet is delivering voltage.
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2
Check the pump for leaks. This might be as obvious as a puddle of water or visible leak, but it might also be more subtle, such as white corrosive powder on the exterior of the hydronic circulator.
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3
Listen to the pump. Most hydronic circulators are relatively silent when operating, so if it is making a lot of noise, it's likely a bearing is defective and the pump will have to be repaired.
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Check to make sure the pump is running if there are no loud noises. If it is running, it will usually make a very low hum and vibrate slightly. If it is running, but no hot water is being circulated through the house, the vanes in the pump may have seized up, much like a fan's vanes may stop turning though the fan is still receiving power. The pump will likely have to be replaced.
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Check for air leaks allowing air into the pump, such as loose clamps. This can create oxidation of the vanes and act as a brake on water flow.
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Make sure the pump is running. If the pump is not running at all, the motor may have burned out. The unit will have to be taken apart to confirm that diagnosis.
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Tips & Warnings
The hydronic circulator is only one part of a complex system, particularly if your heating system heats a large or multistory building. The system may have developed air deposits, which will block the circulation of hot water, even if the pump is working perfectly, or the water heater may be defective. If there are no obvious problems with the hydronic circulator, call a heating system professional.
