How Is Ocular Herpes Transmitted?
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Primary Infection
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Sometimes, a primary infection of herpes simplex virus (usually HSV-1, the cold sore virus, but sometimes also HSV-2, the virus that causes genital herpes) occurs in the eye. This can occur through touching an active cold sore (or herpes blister) and then touching your eye, according to the American Academy of Ophthalmology.
Self-Infection
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Self-infection of the eye with herpes simplex virus is very common. This occurs by touching one's own cold sores or genital herpes blisters and then touching the eye. According to the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the University of Illinois a Chicago (UIC), infection can also spread along nerves in the face to the eye, though how it does so is not understood.
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Prevention
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Although it is very easy to transmit herpes simplex virus, there are steps individuals can take to prevent the transmission of herpes simplex virus to the eye. It is important not to touch another person's or one's own cold or herpes sores; hands should be kept clean during an outbreak, and the eyes should not be touched after contacting an active sore, according to the Mayo Clinic.
Treatment
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If an individual suspects she has developed ocular herpes, it is important to seek treatment promptly. Untreated herpes keratitis (infection of the cornea) can lead to vision loss, including blindness. Treatment, according to Merck Manuals, includes the use of prescription antiviral and corticosteroid eye drops as well as possible removal of affected cells.
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