How Is HPV Detected?
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HPV and Detection
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According to the Centers for Disease Control, there are more than 100 types of human papilloma virus (HPV). Of these, about 70 percent do not cause any symptoms whatsoever and are fought and cleared by the body's immune system. However, the remaining 30 percent do cause symptoms, which place you at risk for certain types of cancers. Detection methods are the same for all types of the virus; however, it is usually the symptom-causing types that are detected.
Visual Detection
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Most HPV infections are detected visually. You can use a small hand mirror to examine yourself for genital warts which are the most common outward symptoms of an HPV infection. Warts usually appear on the genitals or around the anus, and may appear singly or in groups. They are usually raised and cauliflower shaped, but they may be flat, small and hard to see yourself. In these cases, using a vinegar solution (administered by a health care professional) will turn the warts white and make them easier to find.
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Pap Smears and Screenings
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Routine pap smears and cervical cancer screenings, if you are a female, are another way to detect HPV infections. Some strains of HPV do not produce warts, but still increase your likelihood of cancer. Pap smears and screenings will give your health care professional information about any abnormal cell growth you may have. If you have an abnormal pap smear or a positive or inconclusive screening, you'll be directed to have additional tests. Your health care professional may order a biopsy, or take a small sample of your cervical tissue, for closer examination.
DNA Testing
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You can also ask your health care professional to perform an HPV DNA test. DNA testing can detect the presence of a few types of HPV vriuses. Usually, these DNA tests are suggested if you have had a recent abnormal pap smear, but you can request them---especially if you have participated in HPV-risky behavior or have changed sexual partners.
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