Prognosis for Colon Cancer
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Colon Cancer
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Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, consists of malignant growths in the colon, rectum and appendix. Tests and procedures used to diagnose this disease include chest X-rays, CAT scans, fecal occult blood test, digital rectal exam, biopsy and a colonoscopy. A pathologist's report will also be used to determine how far the disease has progressed and if there is any lymph node involvement.
Prognosis
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The word "cancer" strikes fear in a patient and those close to the individual. However, the prognosis for colon cancer can be good. Important factors in the diagnosis include the age and lifestyle of the individual and how well the patient responds to treatments. The stage, or extent of the cancer in the body, is also an essential factor in determining prognosis and treatment options. When a medical professional makes a diagnosis for a patient, a careful assessment is made of all factors that could affect the disease and its treatment.
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Stage 1
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In stage 1, the cancer cells have been discovered along the inner wall of the colon. Treatment usually involves surgically removing the infected section of the colon and sewing the remaining halves together. The survival rate for five years or longer is 93 percent according to the American Cancer Society (ACS).
Stage 2
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During stage 2, which is divided into two parts, the cancer cells have invaded the outermost muscular walls of the colon. Stage 2A defines the cancer as having grown into the outermost layers of the colon but not yet reaching nearby organs. The survival rate for this stage is 85 percent. In stage 2B, with a survival rate of 72 percent, the cancer cells have grown through the wall of the colon and into the surrounding tissue in other organs.
Stage 3
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Stage 3 is broken into three sub-stages. In stage 3A, the malignant cells have spread to as many as three lymph nodes around the colon area, negatively impacting the immune system. The survival rate is 83 percent. Stage 3B, with a 64 percent survival rate, indicates the cells have grown through the wall of the colon and into other nearby tissues or organs. In Stage 3C, four or more lymph nodes are affected. The survival rate is 44 percent.
Stage 4
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In the most advanced stage, the cancer cells have now invaded other body parts, including the lungs, liver and other lymph nodes. At this point, the spreading cells could metastasize, bringing about additional symptoms and cancer formations. Unfortunately, at this stage, the five-year survival rate is 8 percent.
Survival
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Not all cancer cells develop in the same manner or at the same rate. While the statistics for colon cancer can be alarming in the later stages, they do not represent an individual's particular prognosis. The statistics are used as a general guide; they are not a prediction of one's future. It is important that an individual and his/her doctor remain vigilant and hopeful in fighting this disease.
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