How is Gold Leaf Applied?
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Modern Gilding
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Leafing or gilding is a process by which extremely thin sheets of gold are applied to ornaments, picture frames, jewelry or other surfaces. There are many different traditional methods of gilding, while modern technology has allowed this process to be done mechanically. For the home craft person, the process of gilding is made easier by prepared primers, sizes, sealers and "patent leaf" books.
Preparing the Surface
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The first step for the home gilder is to clean and lightly sand the area to be gilded to make it as smooth as possible. Use painter's masking tape to protect any areas not to be gilded. Dust the surface and then apply a primer or base color. Different primer colors that will give different hues and visual effects to the finished surface.
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Applying the Size
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Apply the adhesive size, which creates a tacky surface that will permanently hold the gold leaf. There are two basic kinds of size: oil-based and water-based. After the application, the sizing takes from 15 minutes to 3 hours to reach its optimum state, after which the gilding process can proceed over a limited period, up to 36 hours. Skilled gilders may choose to use traditional water-based gilding, which uses a "gilder's liquor" that is mixed just beforehand and provides an adhesive ground. Water gilding, although a more complicated and time-consuming process, allows the gold leaf to be polished to a smooth, bright, mirror-like surface.
Leafing the Surface
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If using surface or loose leaf, and applying the leaf directly from a book of thin sheets, carefully roll out an individual sheet over the area to be gilded. For "patent leaf," in which the leaf is combined with a thin sheet of paper, place the transfer paper on the surface, and press gently to the surface with the fingers or a gilder's brush. Carefully remove the paper when the gold leaf is firmly attached to the surface. Touch up any areas that are missing leaf, then if desired apply a coating of protective sealant. A glaze can be applied that gives the surface an antique or "distressed" appearance.
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