How Does NO2 Work?

Occurrence

Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is naturally occurring but is also a result of the synthesis of nitric acid, a compound used in explosives, for etching metals, and as a cleaner. The chemical is actually both an input and output of the process, which releases more nitrogen dioxide once complete. NO2 can be formed by interaction of nitrogen oxide with oxygen or through breaking down dinitrogen pentoxide.

Health Risks

NO2 poses a number of health risks when contacted directly, which can happen through the skin, eyes, nostrils or ingestion. According to the Centers for Disease Control, NO2 exposure can irritate the tissues of the face and can cause several lung and heart conditions. Because NO2 produces a foul odor, some exposure can be avoided, but it also unfortunately acts quickly to limit your sense of smell. For more information on safely interacting with NO2, see Resources below.

Pollution

NO2 is both an indoor and outdoor pollutant. The burning of fossil fuels, by cars, factories and by unvented appliances in home environments, leads to the release of NO2. NO2 is also a product of the burning of tobacco, which is one of its many harmful properties. As noted above, exposure to NO2 can lead to or worsen serious respiratory problems, and, as such, many governments are taking steps to limit NO2 emissions.

Confusion with N2O

NO2 should not confused with N2O, nitrous oxide, which is used as an anesthetic in surgery but is also known as a greenhouse gas.

Resources

• CDC Info on NO2