How Does an Expectorant Work?
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Thin the Mucus
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Generally what happens with a respiratory condition is the airways that go to the lungs get blocked with mucus. This then causes wheezing, coughing and compromised breathing. One thing that expectorants do is thin this mucus, which makes it a lot easier to cough up and it isn't as irritating. For example, with pneumonia the lungs fill up with mucus, also known as fluid, and there can be congestion. Expectorants can be used to break up this congestion.
Relax the Tissue
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Another way expectorants work is by relaxing the respiratory tissue in the lungs and bronchial tubes. This not only also contributes to thinning out mucus, but it also helps to soothe the cough and offer relief for congestion. Relaxing expectorants contain a substance called mucilage which is derived from plants. Some expectorants that have mucilage in them are wild cherry bark, ginger, Iceland moss and Mullein.
Direct Expectorants
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Direct expectorants are also used to break up coughs. In this situation, they are usually inhaled by way of steam. These are herbs that are rather volatile. Because of this, they can also act as antiseptics. Some examples of these are eucalyptus, anise, thyme and garlic. They can also be used topically and rubbed across the chest.
Considerations
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When using an expectorant, take it by itself. Cough suppressants and antihistamines are used to dry up coughs, so they are not recommended. Also, staying hydrated is important, as this will help induce the flow of mucus in the body.
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