How Does an Object Become Positively Charged?
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Basics of Electricity
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Electricity is a basic form of energy. It is found throughout the day-to-day world and beyond, into the universe and galaxy. Electricity plays a part in light, heat, technology and even the biology of living creatures. Electricity moves constantly and can be generated (created) and conducted (transferred.)
One of electricity's key concepts is electrical charge. Electrical charge refers to two particles of energy, the electron and the proton. These two particles are basically the building blocks for atoms, which are, in turn, the building blocks for matter. Electrons and protons have states of their electrical charge: The electron is negatively charged and the proton is positively charged. Electrical current is also a key concept. Electrical current is the flow of electricity from one point to another.
Objects and Charging
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All objects carry a charge. If an object has more electrons than protons, it's considered negatively charged. If it has more protons than electrons, the object is positive. If an object has a balance of the two particles, it is considered neutral.
Because electricity can be transferred, charges can be exchanged between objects. A form of electricity called "static electricity" refers to the constant positioning of electric charges--they stay where they are on an object. This form of electricity is created by rubbing two objects together. When the objects are of different material (plastic, metal, fiber, etc.), electrons jump from one item to the other. The object that receives an abundance of electrons becomes negatively charged. The object that gives up its electrons now has a more protons in its electric charge. It is now positive.
If rubber was to rub against hair, the rubber would give up its positive protons and become negative. The hair would gain more protons and become positively charged. In electricity and physics, materials all have differences in their ability to hold and conduct electricity. Rubber and glass top the list with an inability to maintain a charge as well as transfer current. Water and fiber are known for picking up charges and conducting current well. Materials that allow for flow of current are called conductors. Materials that block the flow of current are referred to as insulators.
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Induction
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Objects can also be charged by a process called Induction. Induction is when an electrical current is sent through a conductor and alters the electrons and protons as it is sent. A wire conducting electricity will separate the electrons and protons to its opposing ends, leaving one end negatively charged and the other charged positively.
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"If rubber was to rub against hair, the rubber would give up its positive protons and become negative. The hair would gain more protons and become positively charged". The hair wouldn't gain more protons. it would just lose electrons compared to the amount of protons and hence become positively charged. if you exchange the protons then your changing the elements of the atoms themselves.
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"If rubber was to rub against hair, the rubber would give up its positive protons and become negative. The hair would gain more protons and become positively charged". This is incorrect, Protons are not taken away, what makes a positively charged object is one that has more protons vs electrons in balance (so lets say there's 5 protons in an atom, yet only 3 electrons, a positively charged object). A negatively charged object is the opposite (Protons 5, electrons 8). If you add/remove a proton, the entire element of the atom itself would change. simple eg: adding 1 proton to a hydrogen atom (which has 1 proton) would transform it into a helium atom.
