- The list of chemotherapy medications that are used by oncologists (cancer doctors) today is quite lengthy. Chemotherapy drugs are classified according to how they work to treat the disease, and what effects they have on the body. Categories of chemotherapy medications are: plant alkaloids, steroids, anti-tumor medications, nitrosoureas, antimetabolites, and the most commonly used chemotherapy known as alkylating agents. What happens inside your body, and precisely how cancer cells are destroyed, depends greatly on the type of chemotherapy that is used. Each chemotherapy drug works in one of three ways. It will either alter the cancer's DNA, prevent cancer cell replication or prevent cancer cells from splitting.
- Chemotherapy is administered in several ways and may also include a combination of two or more drugs. Caring4cancer.com lists the most common forms of chemotherapy administration as oral, intravenous and with the assistance of a venous access device (VAD). A VAD is often used in cases where chemotherapy will need to be delivered on a continuous basis. Each form of chemotherapy administration has its pros and cons, and will affect every patient's body differently. But, there is no disputing that chemotherapy takes an exhausting toll on the body. In fact, there is often a rest period in between doses for recovery.
- The side effects of chemotherapy are often uncomfortable, and although the management of the symptoms has improved, the overall feelings of unwellness can still be overwhelming. According to chemotherapy.com, chemotherapy can destroy healthy cells along with the rapidly growing cancer cells. In some treatment situations, anemia and blood infections can result, as well as bleeding problems. Gastrointestinal problems can also result due to strong doses of chemotherapy causing diarrhea and vomiting. Hair loss and mouth ulcers are also a concern, as are changes in libido.
- Lethargy and loss of appetite are among the long list of chemotherapy side effects. And although they may not seem as alarming as those symptoms mentioned previously, it is important that they be addressed. Because the cancer patient may suffer from weakness and also feel extremely tired, family help is sometimes needed. Assistance with the daily routine and the preparation of meals that are tolerable can be helpful.
