Causes of Nocturnal Leg Cramps
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Causes
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Nocturnal leg cramps can affect anyone, but certain groups are prone to this condition. Certain conditions set the scene for nocturnal leg cramps to follow. Some of these conditions include being sedentary, sitting or standing in one position for a long time, vitamin deficiency, dehydration and certain diseases. Do not confuse nocturnal leg cramps with restless leg syndrome even though both occur at night. Restless leg syndrome makes the legs move and kick while nocturnal leg cramps are a cramp in the leg. The cramp manifests as a "charley horse" or a dull ache usually in the calves, feet or toes.
Risk Factors
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Pregnant women run this risk due to the increased weight in the abdomen from the baby. Other potential risk factors include overly exerting one's self when exercising or doing daily chores. Another group of people at risk is those who already suffer from foot and ankle ailments. Some medicines' side effects may include nocturnal leg cramps, so let your doctor know if you suddenly develop this symptom after taking a new medication.
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Sedentary
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When one sits most of the time, the muscles in the legs, calves and feet do not work as much as they should. This causes the muscles to stiffen up and then when one relaxes in sleep the muscles give way to twitching and nocturnal cramps. Try leg exercises, such as stationary bike riding, before bed to help prevent nocturnal leg cramps from starting (see Resources below).
Dehydration
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The body needs water to function correctly. Water hydrates the muscle groups and helps them to perform optimally. Not consuming enough water will cause the muscles to dehydrate and constrict. When the body rests in sleep, the constricted muscles loosen, causing nocturnal leg cramps. Drink eight to ten glasses of water a day to prevent or relieve dehydration. Many liquids such as coffee actually dehydrate the body further due to caffeine and other ingredients in the product.
Disease
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Some diseases such as diabetes and Parkinson's disease may cause nocturnal leg cramps as a side effect. Tell your health care provider if this is the case, because he can prescribe medication to alleviate the leg cramps. Some over the counter products may help as well, but check with your health care professional for possible drug interactions before adding any medicine to your regimen.
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