How Does a Bulletproof Vest Work?
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About Bulletproof Vests
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A bulletproof vest is a type of personal body armor designed to protect a human being from damage incurred by projectiles such as bullets and shrapnel, and sometimes stabbing weapons such as knives. Bulletproof vests typically cover the chest and abdomen, leaving the arms, head and areas below the waist exposed, although other protective gear can be used to cover these areas. The two basic types of bulletproof vests, soft and hard, work in different ways.
Soft Bulletproof Vests
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Soft bulletproof vests are made of tightly woven, flexible synthetic fibers such as Kevlar, which enable the wearer to move normally. The way a soft bulletproof vest works is essentially the same as a net; the fibers of the vest are very strong and woven together so closely that the material catches the bullet and quickly spreads out the impact force along the surface of the material. As the impact force spreads, the bullet's penetrating force become inadequate to pierce the powerful mesh; essentially, the vest catches the bullet. Soft bulletproof vests are common among law enforcement officers who require flexibility, mobility and basic protection. Soft bulletproof vests are usually effective against the types of small-caliber handguns and bullets that police officers are likely to encounter, yet they may be ineffective at stopping bullets fired from more powerful guns and rifles.
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Rigid Bulletproof Vests
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Rigid body armor vests operate much like armor used in ancient and medieval times. Rather than catching the bullet, hard armor vests use rigid materials, such as super-hard ceramic tiles, to deflect bullets away from the body. Rigid bulletproof vests usually offer better protection than soft armor, but are heavier and less flexible, making them impractical in certain environments. Rigid armor can also offer good protection against stabbing weapons. With both flexible and rigid armors, blunt force trauma can be a concern even if bullets do not penetrate the skin. The impact force is likely to cause severe bruising and can still potentially cause life-threatening internal injuries.
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