Preserving Old Books
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The Right Conditions
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The first thing to consider is where you are going to store or display your antique books. Fluctuating temperatures can be destructive to the materials. Likewise, high humidity can damage books by allowing molds to grow, while low humidity can dry out paper and leather covers. Avoid keeping books in the attic or basement where temperatures are not regulated. Also, keep books out of direct light sources. Light can fade and damage covers and pages.
How to Shelve
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Books should be stored on either metal or wooden shelves painted with an acid-free paint. Unpainted wooden shelves can actually release damaging acidic vapors. If possible, storing old books in enclosed shelving with glass doors is recommended for preservation.
Store books upright with their spines facing outward. Larger books may be stored flat but do not put too many in a stack. Do not overload the shelves, forcing books into small slots. Leave some space between the books and the back of the bookcase to allow for air flow. For extra protection, archival sleeves are available for particularly valuable books.
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Handle with Care
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When removing a book from the shelf, do not pull it at the top of the spine. This can lead to the spine tearing from the binding. Instead, try pushing it out from the rear, or push the neighboring books in slightly to expose your book's spine. Then, firmly grasp the book on either side of the spine and pull out gently.
Handle books with clean hands in order to reduce oil and dirt from damaging the pages. Do not bend pages or covers and never leave a book open upside down. This will damage the spine.
Keep Them Clean
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You should dust your books to keep them clean, using a dry cloth or lint-free wipe. For large collections or thorough cleanings you can use a vacuum on a low setting, or with a filter over the hose. Try using a piece of nylon pantyhose over the end of the vacuum attachment. Do not spray cleaners on your books. Chemical cleaners can damage materials and inks in old books.
What Not to Do
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In the past many people have oiled leather bound books in order to keep the covers looking glossy and new. The oils used have been shown to do more damage to old books than good. These oils can seep through the covers, damaging pages and discoloring the materials. No oil is necessary if you observe other care techniques.
Do not use regular tape or glues to fix old books. If you do want to repair a book yourself, use acid-free materials available specifically for books. Large repairs such as torn covers are best fixed by professional book binders. Signs of aging and normal wear and tear actually are part of a book's value for many collectors.
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