How Does a Mothball Eliminate Moths?

What Are Mothballs?

Mothballs are made of a chemical which is toxic to moths and other pests, as well as to humans. They were once made of napthalene, but are now made of para-dichlorobenzene, since napthalene is highly toxic. They are not used in day-to-day clothes closets and wardrobes. Instead, they are put in clothes chests and closets when the clothes aren't going to be used for a while to prevent moths from moving in and destroying the clothes.

How do Mothballs Work?

When most solids are heated up, they turn into a liquid and then into a gas. Mothballs are different. They can turn directly from solids into gases, a process called sublimation. When a mothball is put in a confined space, it slowly turns into vapor over months, releasing a continual stream of toxic fumes. The fumes build up in the space, killing moths, mice or any other creatures that might be there. When the stored clothes are ready to be worn, they need to be taken outside and aired out in order to disperse the chemicals harmlessly into the air.

Risks

Mothballs can cause respiratory problems, increase the risk of cancer and, in sufficient concentration, can even lead to death. They are especially dangerous to babies and young children. For this reason, many people prefer to use non-toxic alternatives to mothballs, the most popular being cedar. Using a cedar chest, cedar wood chips or cedar essential oil a confined space will help to keep moths away. As with mothballs, the cedar has to be enclosed so that the smell can be concentrated in order for it to work.