How Does a Sinus Pressure Cause Headaches?
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About the Sinuses
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The sinuses are air-filled cavities in the head, lined with cells that produce mucus. This mucus then drains into the nasal cavity. The exact functions of the sinuses are not yet understood, but they may include the warming and humidifying of air, insulating of the brain, and reducing the weight of the skull.
Sinusitis
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If a person has a stuffy nose due to an infection or allergies, this can interfere with the drainage of the mucus produced by the sinuses. This causes inflammation, which further interferes with the drainage, and the mucus builds up in the sinus cavities. The inflammation of the sinuses, along with the mucus pushing against the already-irritated mucosal lining, causes pain. Since the sinuses are located above and below the eyes, this causes a headache. The pressure may also cause pain in the teeth and upper jaw, which can add to the headache, particularly in the temple area.
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Complications
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Blocked sinuses create an ideal breeding ground for bacteria. Though the sinuses are normally sterile, decreased mucus drainage can allow bacteria to colonize in the sinuses, and sometimes spread to other parts of the body. This can lead to bacterial infections in the mouth, ear canal, respiratory tract and brain. However, even though 90% of people with viral upper respiratory tract infections have sinus blockage, only 5-10% will develop bacterial infections due to sinusitis.
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Resources
- Photo Credit The facial sinuses.
