How Does a Gum Graft Work?
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How gum grafts work
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A gum graft is also known as a gingival graft. It is a generic term that covers several different procedures that all have the goal of covering an area of tooth that has become exposed due to gum disease. This exposed area is covered with oral tissue that has been grafted. Covering the exposed root of the tooth alleviates many symptoms. It prevents further exposure of the tooth. It can also help restore sensitivity that has either been diminished or is entirely gone. It also helps prevent cavities and improves the cosmetic appearance.
Types of gum grafts
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In a free gingival graft, tissue from the palate (the roof of the mouth) is taken and is transferred to the exposed area of the tooth. It is stitched in place and will protect the exposed tooth. A subepithelial graft takes the connective tissue from under the palate but otherwise is similar to a free graft. This method is better at covering the roots and is also less painful. An acellular dermal matrix graft uses skin cells from other people that are processed in a way that lets them serve as a gum graft. Other procedures can take tissue from a nearby area and either transplant it or move it over as a protective flap.
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Why gum grafts are needed
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Receding gums is a disease that causes the exposure of the roots of the teeth and can require a gum graft. Causes of receding gums include brushing that is unnecessarily aggressive. The trauma from the toothbrushes bristles can cause the gums to retract. It can also happen as a result of inadequate dental care which allows bacteria to build up. These bacteria secrete enzymes which will wear away at the gum and the enamel of the teeth. It can also happen as a result of periodontal disease, which is an inflammation of the gums. This can also occur due to inadequate dental hygiene. All of the above conditions can result in gums that recede to the point that a gum graft is necessary.
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