How Does a Washing Machine Belt Work?

Maytag belt
Most washing machines in the United States are top-loading and employ rubber drive belts to transport the motor energy to the transmission and, in some cases, to the pump. Because electric motors instantly reach their full speed, the drive belt initially slips on its pulley, but soon progressively tightens.

Some believe that the drive belt provides a reliable, fail-safe mechanism for the washing machine. If the tub, motor or agitator freezes or sticks, the belt will most likely slip, break or stretch, saving the transmission and the motor from costly damage by preventing the motor and transmission from being overworked. However, some suppose the opposite; that a problematic belt can cause a machine to break down because of the irregular performance the machine experiences due to belt failure. The belt is about three feet long and black.

Belt Malfunctions

Washing machine belt that has fallen off
Belt malfunctions are common. When a washing machine sounds as if it is running properly, but the device isn't functioning, it could indicate a drive belt issue. A loose belt can cause erratic movements and disruptions during the various washing cycles.

Hotpoint machine belt
Although it can be a tedious job, you can replace a drive belt without professional help. Unplug the washing machine and lay it on its side. Place some cardboard or a canvas sheet on the floor to avoid scratching or damaging the washing machine or the floor. When you place the machine on its side, water may leak out. Place towels nearby to catch any leakage. Some belts are in clear view and can be reached easily, but some may be hidden. Remove the base and the screws protecting the pump coupling. The pump coupling is a flexible rubber part that attaches the water pump to the motor. The belt should easily slip out. However, you may have to release the motor mounting bolts on some washing machine models and relieve the belt pressure before removing it. Place the new belt over the transmission pulley, and then place it over the motor pulley. Depending on the washer model, you must replace either the pump coupling or securely tighten the motor mounting bolts. When you're finished, turn the washing machine upright, plug it in and run a test. If a problem still exists, another part may be causing it and seeking professional help may be necessary.