How Does Underwater Welding Work?

Underwater welding consists of several methods used for repairing ships, pipelines and offshore oil platforms. Underwater welding splits into two main categories: wet and dry underwater welding. Both fall under hyperbaric welding, which is welding done at increased pressure, such as being underwater. Underwater welding uses steel for repairs.

Dry underwater welding is done by placing a structure around the point to be welded. The structure is sealed around the weld point and gas fills the area created by this juncture. The welding then begins inside the chamber. Dry underwater welding is considered to be very accurate in its final product.
Wet underwater welding uses waterproof electrodes to supply power to the welding tools. Wet underwater welding is considered to be easier to initiate due to the lack of preparing the dry welding's chamber. Wet welding also allows for more freedom of movement by the welder.

Wet underwater welding has more risks than dry underwater welding. One such risk to the welder is from electrocution. The equipment used must be insulated and electricity must be properly maintained. In addition to electrocution, welders must be concerned with diving issues and the possible build-up of oxygen and hydrogen gases, which can be explosive.