- Stove top models require users to pour water into them and include a locking lid. The lid works to create a pressure chamber when the frother is heated. Pressure inside the container is only released through the spout. The spout is inserted into a glass of milk. The steam from the spout is directed into the bottom of the milk. The steam, milk and air combine to produce the desired texture.
- Handheld frothers briskly swirl the milk in small containers like cups and glass. The intense swirling motion and aeration create the foam but do not heat the milk. The milk can be heated before or after frothing.
- Pitcher frothers create lattes without steam. These standalone frothers heat the milk while whipping it to a "meringue-like froth." They also heat the milk. The whipping, heating and exposure to air make for a warm latte with a thick layer of cream on top.
- Many espresso machines include frothing arms that work just like the spout on the side of a stove top model. The espresso machine heats the water and blasts the steam into the bottom of the milk. The convenience of espresso machines is that users can prepare the milk and shot both with one machine.
