How Does a Laxative Work?
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Different Types of Laxatives
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Laxatives are taken to help relieve constipation. There are four main types of laxatives that can be used. The four main types are bulk-forming laxatives, osmotic laxatives, stimulant laxatives and stool softener laxatives.
Bulk-Forming Laxatives
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Fiber that is contained in fruits, vegetables and grains helps move feces through the intestines. Fiber attracts water to feces and adds bulk to feces, which helps soften feces so that it can easily move through the intestines. When person does not eat enough fiber, a bulk-forming laxative can be taken. Bulk-forming laxatives contain a fiber such as psyllium. Bulk-forming laxatives take 2 to 3 days to work.
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Osmotic Laxatives
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Osmotic laxatives work by attracting water into the intestines. The water in the intestines cleanses and moves feces through the intestines. Depending on the product, osmotic laxatives take anywhere from a couple of hours to a few days to work.
Stimulant Laxatives
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Stimulant laxatives stimulate movement in the intestines. The increased movement causes feces to quickly move through the intestines. Stimulant laxatives work quickly, taking anywhere from 2 to 12 hours to work.
Stool Softener Laxatives
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Stool softener laxatives work by drawing water into feces. The water softens feces, making it easier for feces to move through the intestines. Stool softeners take approximately 1 to 2 days to work.
Warnings
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Laxatives can be habit-forming, meaning that long-term use of laxatives can cause chronic constipation if discontinued. Laxatives are usually recommended for occasional use. If laxatives are needed on more than an occasional basis, a doctor should be consulted. Some laxatives are not appropriate for people with certain health problems. If unsure which laxatives are right for you, consult with a doctor or a pharmacist.
Prevention
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The best way to deal with constipation is to avoid it in the first place. A healthy diet that contains plenty of high-fiber foods such as fresh fruits and vegetables and whole grains helps to maintain normal bathroom habits. Drinking plenty of water helps to keep feces soft, which helps to prevent constipation. Laxatives are good for occasional constipation, but prevention is always best.
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