How Do Teeth Whiteners Work Chemically?

What Do Tooth Whiteners Do?

Tooth whiteners remove stains and improve overall brightness of teeth using some concentrations of hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide. Hydrogen peroxide is stronger than carbamide peroxide, although carbamide peroxide is a derivative of hydrogen peroxide. Carbamide peroxide is simply hydrogen peroxide dissolved in urea crystals and thus a more diffused form. In general, hydrogen peroxide products are used for short-time use and carbamide peroxide is used for longer or overnight periods.

How Do Tooth Whiteners Work?

The bleaching agents--hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide--cause an oxidation reaction to remove food stains so they are less visible. The level of tooth whitening depends on the product--from a dentist's office or over-the-counter--and on the condition of your teeth. Teeth heavily stained from smoking might have a less satisfactory level of whitening.

What Should I Know Before Whitening My Teeth?

Tooth whiteners can be harsh to people's teeth, gums and mouth. While hydrogen peroxide is effective, it can penetrate teeth and cause sensitivity. In addition, you must have sufficient tooth enamel in order to whiten your teeth. Some people wear down tooth enamel by brushing too hard, using toothpaste that is too abrasive and/or consuming foods with a high acid content. Before taking any measures to whiten your teeth, talk with your dentist to see what's best for you.

Resources

• Tooth Whitening/Bleaching