Wikipedia
Fiction
Fiction (Latin: fictum, "created") is a branch of literature which deals, in part or in whole, with temporally contrafactual events (events that are not true at the time of writing). In contrast to this is non-fiction, which deals exclusively in factual events (e.g.: biographies, histories). Semi-fiction is fiction implementing a great deal of non-fiction, e.g. a fictional description based on a true story.
History of fiction
The history of fiction coincides with much of the history of literature, with each genre of fiction having its own origins and development.
* By form: legends, comics, fables, fairy tales, film, folklore, novels, plays, poetry, serials, short stories, situation comedies, and video games.
* By length: flash fiction, short stories, novelettes, novellas, novels, and epic poetry.
* By content: pseudohistory, genre fiction, detective fiction, fantasy fiction, mystery fiction, and science fiction.
Elements of fiction
Character
A character is any person, persona, identity, or entity that exists in a work of art. Characters may be entirely fictional or based upon real, historical entities (see Historical fiction). Characters may be human, supernatural, mythical, divine, animal, or personifications of an abstraction. Characterisation is the process of creating an image of a person in fiction, complete with that persons traits, features, and motivation.Polking, 1990, p. 68–9.
Plot
Plot is a sequence of interrelated events arranged to form a logical pattern and achieve an intended effect. It is often designed with a narrative structure or storyline, that includes conflict, rising action, and climax, followed by a falling action and a resolution or dénouement.Polking, 1990, p. 328–9.
Setting
Setting, the location and time of a story, is sometimes referred to as story world or to include a context (such as society) beyond the immediate surroundings of the story...Polking, 1990, p. 420. read more at » http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiction