How Safe Are Halon Fire Extinguishers?

Halon gases came into extensive use in fire extinguishers and fire suppression systems in the mid-20th century. Halon proved an effective fire-fighting substance and quickly became a leading fire suppression agent.

Human Impact

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) does not consider halon a cancer-causing agent. Nevertheless, you should avoid exposure to halon gas, if possible. Halon can cause symptoms of asphyxiation after exposure for more than six minutes. Prolonged exposure can cause lightheadedness, shortness of breath or even loss of consciousness. These symptoms reverse when the exposure ends.

Environmental Impact

Halons belong to a group of chemicals called ozone depleting substances, according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Halons release a dangerous compound that damages the ozone layer, the EPA reports. In 1987, an agreement called the Montreal Protocol phased out new production of halon.

EPA Guidelines

Using halon as a fire extinguishing agent is not illegal in the United States, even though its manufacture has been phased out. Halon fire extinguishers still find use in some industries, such as aviation. However, anyone getting rid of halon used in extinguishers must follow a set of guidelines approved by the EPA.

References

• Edinboro University: Facts About Halon Fire Extinguishing Systems
• University of Wisconsin: General Safety Program
• Halon Recycling Corporation; Guidance for the EPA; Halon Emission Reduction Rule
• Reliable Fire Equipment Company: Halon 1301 Systems
• EPA: Ozone Layer Protection
• EPA: Ozone Layer Protection Glossary