Description of Television Infrared Observation Satellite Imagery

Satellites can tell a lot about the Earth.

Before 1962, images of the Earth from satellite photos were rare. But the 1960s heralded satellite technology that could monitor weather systems all over the globe through the Television Infrared Observation Satellite Program, or TIROS.

History

The first launch of a TIROS satellite was in 1960. Initially, images were taken and stored when not in contact with its base operations. This first satellite was able to send back images that helped scientists understand large cloud formations.

Function

As time progressed, multiple satellites were launched with more advanced imagery cameras. Images of hurricanes were taken and analyzed to determine their strength. In addition, areas of snow cover were photographed for scientists to examine.

Geography

With the advanced imagery devices, a wide-angle camera was used to capture an area 800 miles wide. By 1965, a grouping of 450 pictures was pieced together to form the first entire picture of the Earth's cloud coverage as a whole.

Time Frame

Since the TIROS program ended in 1981, today's satellite imagery with advanced very high resolution radiometer, or AVHRR, has taken its place, mapping day and night cloud formations, land and water boundaries, as well as sea temperatures.

References

• National Aeronautics and Space Administration: TIROS
• Los Angeles Pierce College Weather Station: About Weather Satellites