About Network Connector Wiring

Ethernet cables transfer data between computers at high speeds.

Network connections are commonly carried over Ethernet Category 5, or Cat5, cables. These are twisted pair cables that provide very accurate transmission of data at high speeds. Most are unshielded because the twisted design reduces signal noise by default.

Ends

Ethernet Cat5 cable features an RJ-45 jack on each end with eight pins. This makes Ethernet cables very similar in appearance to a standard telephone jack, which has only four or six pins.

Data Transfer

Ethernet cables can transfer data at either 10 or 100 megabits per second. This depends on the receiving hardware's ability to process the data. Most Ethernet cards in computers support each standard.

Maximum Distance

Ethernet cables can only provide reliable signals for a distance of 100 meters. If a longer distance is required, additional hardware is necessary to attach extra power to push the data along. This is called a repeater.

Tabs

The RJ-45 jacks on either end of an Ethernet cable have a small clip that allows it to lock into place when connecting to a jack. Make sure the clip locks in when connecting Ethernet cables.

References

• NetGear: What are Ethernet Cables?
• Steven Nikkel: How to Wire Ethernet Cables
• ERNI: RJ-45 Modular Jack