The Importance of Plantar Flexion & Dorsiflexion

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve movements in the ankle joint.

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion are terms used by heath professionals. They indicate movement of the ankle joint. Dorsiflexion refers to bending the foot backwards, whereas plantar flexion refers to pointing the foot forwards. Both movements are tested during a routine exam at the doctor's office.

Dorsiflexion

Dorsiflexion is tested at a physician's office in cases of foot or ankle pain. Several muscles assist in the movement of the dorsiflexion. Muscles that dorsiflex the foot are tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallicus longis and peronius tertius.

Plantar Flexion

Plantar flexion, also referred to as extension, involves toes of the foot pointing forward. Several muscles of the foot and leg are involved in the movement including gastronemius, soleus, plantaris, flexor hallicus longus, flexor digitorum profundus, tibalis posterior and peronius longus.

Injuries

Injuries that affect dorsiflexion of the foot are referred to as foot drop. Several causes of foot drop include neurological, muscle and vascular problems. Injuries that affect plantar flexion included rupture of the Achilles tendon, nerve damage and lack of blood supply. Physicians will do a physician exam to differentiate and determine the cause of the problem.

References

• University of Michigan: Muscles in Action
• Merriam - Webster: Medical Dictionary
• Idea Fit: Fitness Library Ankle Flexion