Risk of Railroad Ties for Landscaping

Once creosote diminishes from railroad ties, vegetation begins appearing on old tracks.

Agriculture and horticulture experts at various universities argue about the risks involved in using railroad ties for landscaping. While some experts adamantly advise avoiding the use of the treated ties in landscaping, others assure safety under specific conditions requiring site and material preparations.

Problem

To withstand various weather conditions, railroad ties are treated with creosote, which gives the ties their signature greasy, black appearance. In addition to a repulsive scent, creosote causes damage and even death to plants coming into contact with the substance. Contact occurs in the landscape when rainwater washes the creosote into the soil and onto plant roots.

Health Risks

Not only does creosote on railroad ties damage plants, it also creates a health risk among both humans and animals. The University of Montana reports that studies have indicated an increased risk of respiratory problems and cancer among persons with repeated exposure to creosote. In addition, skin contact with creosote on railroad ties has caused irritation, rashes and instances of cancer.

Solution

While Raina Spence at the University of Wyoming's Cooperative Extension Service recommends that you never use railroad ties in your landscape, the University of Missouri indicates that old ties are safe to use when no longer sticky and oozing creosote. The University of Missouri suggests including a sheet of plastic between the railroad ties and soil as added protection against the risks of using the treated wood.

References

• Montana State University: What is that Black Goo on Railroad Ties and Utility Poles?
• University of Wyoming Cooperative Extension: Landscape Edging -- A Great Addition to Yards
• University of Missouri Extension: Raised-Bed Gardening

Resources

• North Carolina State University: Residential Landscaping