What Contributions Did the Greeks Give to Modern Day Society?

In the current era of technology and convenience it is hard to believe a civilization that thrived from 1000 B.C. to 323 B.C. made any lasting contributions; however, the ancient Greeks made an impact on history that is still visible in modern society. The fact that they achieved so much despite a lack of technology and machinery only speaks to their ingenuity. Schools across the globe today still teach many of the ideas and innovations that made the ancient Greeks such an influential part of human history.

The presentation of written word, known as "theater," began in Athens and diffused to other parts of the ancient Greek empire. Fifth-century playwrights Aristophanes and Sophocles produced comedies and tragedies, respectively. During the early days of theater, masks were used to represent a variety of emotions and to disguise male actors playing female roles. Only 44 plays from the ancient Greeks remain today, serving as the foundation of Western theater.

Athens was more than just the birthplace of theater. In 508 B.C., it also gave birth to the world's first democracy. Democracy is a system of government in which citizens elect representatives to advocate for them in the government. Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, wrote "Politics" and encouraged citizens to question the established government. Only free adult men could be citizens during this time; women and slaves were excluded from owning property or voting. Anyone who enjoys the benefits of democracy can give thanks to the ancient Greeks.

The unique columns and pavilions developed by the ancient Greeks are one of their most recognizable contributions. The columns are categorized by two orders, which include the Doric and the Ionic. Doric is a minimalistic style while Ionic columns were more ornate with scrolls carvings on each side. Many buildings in Washington, D.C. were based on classical Greek buildings. Universities and colleges, such as the University of Virginia, have ancient Greek influenced structures. The beautiful, clean style is still appreciated today.

During the Classical and Hellenistic periods of Greek art, the ancient Greeks idolized the human form. During this time, advances in sculpting and painting techniques were made that would influence the Italian Renaissance centuries later. Once classical Greek art was rediscovered, Italian artists began depicting the beauty of the human body as the Greeks once did. Along with modern religion themes of the time, Italian painters also painted scenes of popular Greek myths and stories.