Flood Zones Defined

Floodwaters

The Federal Emergency Management Agency is responsible for coordinating the federal government's relief efforts during a national emergency. The agency is also responsible for administering the National Flood Insurance Program, which identifies and maps the nation's flood zones. Flood zones fall into three categories: Special Flood Hazard Areas, Non-special Flood Hazard Areas and Undetermined Risk Areas.

Special Flood Hazard Area

A special flood hazard area has the highest risk of flooding. According to FEMA, a home located in a special flood hazard area has a 26 percent chance of flooding during the term of a 30-year mortgage. Coastal areas that can be affected by a storm surge are considered special hazard areas, as are areas located near rivers that could be affected by large quantities of rain. Homeowners in these areas with federally backed mortgages are required to carry flood insurance.

Non-special Flood Hazard Area

Areas that have a moderate to low risk of flooding are considered non-special flood hazard areas. The possibility of a flood in these areas exists but is less than that of a special flood hazard area. Homeowners in these areas are not required to carry flood insurance.

Undetermined Risk Area

A flood analysis has not been conducted in an undetermined risk area, therefore the risk of flooding has not been established. Flood insurance is not required for homeowners residing in these areas but is recommended.

References

• FEMA: National Flood Insurance Program
• FEMA: Flood Zones
• Flood Insights: What Do the Different Flood Zones Mean
• FloodSmart.gov: Flooding and Flood Risks--Defining Flood Risks